天然气水合物研究现状与未来挑战

Current Situation of Gas Hydrates Resarch and Challenges for Future

人类在２１ 世纪后期面临着油气资源枯渴，寻求洁净高效的新能源成为科学界追求的目标。为此，近三十年来，世界各国相继投入了大量的资金和人力开展新能源研究。目前，人们在一种重要的新能源———气水合物的基础研究、地质调查、勘探开发等领域取得了较大的进展；但尚存在许多急待解决的重大理论问题，如天然气水合物形成与分解的动力学过程和地质条件，气水合物资源量计算办法，经济型天然气水合物开采、开发模式，气水合物对全球气候的影响等。天然气水合物作为化石燃料，具有巨大潜力；作为甲烷碳库，是海底地质灾害的诱因；作为温室气体，对全球气候变化有着重要的影响作用。天然气水合物研究未来面临挑战。

Natural gas hydrate as a potential natural fuel resource, which occur worldwide in the polar regions, mostly associated with onshore and offshore permafrost, and in sediment of out continental and insular margins will provide human enormous energy in the coming 21 century. Three aspects of gas hydrates are important: their fossil fuel resource potential, their role as a submarine geologic hazard and their effects on global climate change. Gas hydrates have become the focus of intense international interest over the past few years because of their abundance and their potential role as a fuel, which could mitigate global climate change. Natural gas hydrate future face to challenges.