综合水质标识指数法在浑河水质评价中的应用

Application of comprehensive water quality identification index in water quality assessment of Hun River

综合评价水环境质量,全面把握流域水环境污染特征是水环境污染防治中的重要基础性工作。水质标识指数可以完整标识水质评价指标的类别、水质数据、功能区目标值等重要信息,在单因子水质标识指数法基础上建立的综合水质标识指数法能完整表达河流总体的综合水质信息,既不会因个别水质指标较差就否定综合水质,又能对综合水质做出合理的评价;既可以在Ⅰ到Ⅴ类中比较水质的优劣,亦可以对劣Ⅴ类进行评价。为系统全面地研究浑河流域各不同河段水环境特征,将浑河流域划分为3个控制单元,根据2001—2010年间水质监测数据,采用综合水质标识指数法,识别出各控制单元主要污染因子,并阐明了浑河流域水环境质量时空变化规律,本研究即体现了全流域统筹考虑的系统思想,又体现了分区研究的针对性特点,并首次将综合水质标识指数法应用于浑河流域水质综合评价,其研究结论对水质监测数据的评价有一定的借鉴作用,亦对流域水污染防治对策的提出有一定的指导意义。

The assessment of water environment quality and the analysis of water pollution feature are indispensable basic tasks for water environmental pollution control.The integrated water quality identification index,which builds on the single factor water quality identification index,is a new tool for generating integrated water quality information,it assesses integrated water quality by a group of typical assessing items instead of deciding by the worst assessing item,so the assessment of integrated water quality is reasonable;It can also be used to compare water quality of classes I^V and the class worse than class V.Hun River was divided into three control divisions in order to study the water environment feature of different sections.Based on water quality monitoring data of year 2001 to 2010,Mark Index Method（MIM） was used to identify the main pollution factor.The Spatial and Temporal Variations of Hun river environment quality was elaborated.It was the first time to use integrated water quality identification index in water quality assessment,the result of this research is instructive for assessment of water quality monitoring data and water pollution control.