老年人消化性溃疡出血的相关危险因素分析

Risk factors analysis for the peptic ulcer bleeding in elderly patients

目的 对老年人消化性溃疡出血的危险因素进行分析,为预防和治疗提供理论依据.方法 采用回顾性分析研究方法,以2001年1月至2006年1月在首都医科大学宣武医院消化科住院治疗消化性溃疡病合并上消化道出血患者414例为观察对象,按照年龄分为老年组（≥60岁）183例和非老年组（＜60岁）231例,对两组患者并存疾病、出血原因等进行比较分析.结果 老年组并存慢性疾病的检出率高于非老年组,老年组同时患有2种或2种以上的疾病者126例（68.9%）,非老年组仅23例（10.0%）.老年组消化性溃疡出血的诱因多与服用心、脑血管和骨关节病药物有关,而非老年组以劳累、精神压力和饮食为主;老年组幽门螺旋杆菌的感染率为35.0%,非老年组为58.0%.结论 合理使用抗凝、止痛等药物对防治老年人消化溃疡、降低病死率和改善预后具有重要意义.

Objective To explore the risk factors for peptic ulcer bleeding in elderly patients.Methods The 414 patients with upper gastrointestinal ulcer bleeding in Xuanwu Hospital from January 2001 to January 2006 were enrolled.The patients were divided into elderly group （≥ 60years,n= 183 ） and non-elderly group （ 〈 60 years,n= 231 ）.The coexisting diseases and hemorrhage causes were compared and analyzed.Results The detection rate of coexisting diseases was significantly higher in elderly group than in non-elderly group （68.9% vs.10.0% ）.The hemorrhage causes included the taking of drugs for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases or osteoarthropathy in elderly group.And the fatigue,stress and dietary upset were the main causes in non-elderly group.Helicobacter pylori infection rate was 35.0% in the elderly and 58.0% in young patients.Conclusions It is very important to promote rational use of anticoagulant drugs and analgesic agents in elderly patients for managing peptic ulcer complication.