航天器环控生保系统载人飞行性能地面试验研究

Manned Flight Performance of Environment Control and Life Support System in Spacecraft Based on Ground Test

目的地面重力条件下验证载人航天器环控生保系统载人飞行工作性能。方法构建与真实飞行器密封舱段1:1的试验舱系统,集成了环控生保系统;选拔3名男性作为受试者参加试验,其消耗/代谢的物质和能量作为试验主要负荷;按照真实的载人飞行程序制定试验流程。结果建成了一套仿真程度较高的模拟试验系统;确立了地面条件下环控生保系统性能验证方法;检验了3名受试者代谢负荷下环控生保系统座舱环境控制和生活保障的能力。结论全面检验了环控生保正常飞行工作性能,试验结果对后续研制和载人飞行具有重要意义。

Objective To verify the working performance of Environment Control and Life Support System（ECLSS） during manned spaceflight under the simulated condition.Methods A simulated test system was constructed,which was almost as same as the airtight cabin in spacecraft,and an ECLSS was integrated;3 engineers were selected as subjects,and their consumption and metabolic mass and energy were regarded as main load of the test;test program was set down according to real flight program.Results A high level simulated test system was built up;verifying method for ECLSS performance was established;the abilities of ECLSS for controlling metabolic load quantity of 3 subjects and supporting life were determined in the airtight cabin.Conclusion Working performance of ECLSS in normal flight can be verified comprehensively by using the simulated test system,which is significant to the future development and manned flight.