我国学前教育的结构失调及其政策建议

Maladjustment in Chinese Preschool Education Structure and the Policy Suggestions

学前教育改革是推进我国基本公共服务均等化建设的必然选择。目前，我国学前教育的结构失调主要表现为：幼儿园“公弱民强”、数量失调，民办园公办园公平竞争的环境失调，群众的学前教育需求与学前教育资源的供需失调，生源结构与幼儿园结构失调，城乡之间、区域之间学前教育发展失调。，为此，应增加公共财政投入，扩大公办园数量；通过明确公办园和民办园各自的定位，加强分类管理，建立公办园民办园公平竞争的制度环境；建立完善公共财政扶持民办园的机制：坚持分阶段、分地区和城乡“三个一体化”统筹推进区域和城乡学前教育的发展。

Preschool education reform is the inevitable choice in promoting equality in fundamental public service. At present, maladjustment of preschool education structure is chiefly demonstrated in imbalanced development between public and private kindergartens, quantity imbalance, imbalance in competitive environment for public and private kindergartens, the need-supply imbalance, construction imbalance in student source and kindergartens, developmental imbalance between urban and rural areas and between districts. Therefore, public financial input should be raised to increase public kindergartens; orientation of public and private kindergartens should be clarified to intensify classified management and to create an equal competitive environment; a mechanism should be constructed for public finance to support private kindergartens; an overall plan should be made to promote development of district as well as urban and rural preschool education.