“这么”、“那么”的逻辑关系差异探析

An Analysis on the Logical Differences between Zheme and Name

现代汉语中,"这么"常表示连贯关系,如"这么一P,(就)Q";"那么"则常表示推断关系,如"如果……那么……"、"既然……那么……"等。本文通过考察"这么"、"那么"成为关系词语的历时过程,探求造成上述逻辑关系差异的原因。认为:具有"指示"、"近指"功能的"这么"倾向于演变为连贯关系词语,具有"称代"、"远指"功能的"那么"倾向于演变为推断关系词语。现代汉语推断关系词语"那么"来自《红楼梦》时代称代用法的"那么着"。

In Mandarin, Zheme and Name can express different logical relations. Based on the diachronic investigation, this paper concludes that Zheme which is demonstrative and near-indexical inclines to become a co-ordination connective, and Name which is substitutive and far -- indexical inclines to become a deductive connective. It is also suggested that Name actually is evovled Na- mezhe .