北方农牧交错带草地建植模式及效益比较研究——以宁夏盐池县马儿庄为例

A comparison of grassland establishment pattern and comprehensive profit in ecotone of pastures and farm lands in North China——A case study of Maerzhuang of Yanchi County in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

以宁夏盐池县马儿庄节水灌溉优质牧草种植示范项目区为研究对象,运用成本-收益比较法,分析了4种建植草地的经济效益;运用灰色综合评判法比较评判了4种建植草地的水分、养分的状况及发展趋势。结果表明,水分的高低状况是甘草-苜蓿混播草地>苜蓿草地>甘草草地>天然草地,水分的变化趋势优劣是甘草草地>甘草-苜蓿混播草地>天然草地>苜蓿草地;土壤的养分状况是甘草草地>苜蓿草地>天然草地>甘草-苜蓿草地,养分的变化趋势是甘草-苜蓿草地越来越差,其他3种草地变化趋势相似,先升高,后降低,又升高,呈波状变化;4种草地经济效益由大到小的顺序是甘草草地>甘草-苜蓿混播草地>苜蓿草地>天然草地。从综合效益考虑,甘草草地是4种草地模式中最佳的草地。

In order to choose proper grassland establishment patterns in ecotone of pastures and farm lands in North China with quality forage planting water-saving irrigation demonstration project area at Mae rzhuang of Yanchi County as the research object, the cost-benefit comparison of four types of grasslands, including natural grasslands （NG）, Medicago sativa grassland （ML）, Glycyrrhiza uralensis grassland （GL） and M. sativa-G, uralensis mixed grassland （M＋G）, on soil moisture, nutrient status and dynamics were studied by using grey correlation analysis methods. The results showed that the order of water contents in different land types was M＋G〉ML〉GL〉NG; the pros and cons of the trend of water was GL〉 M＋G〉NG〉ML; the order of soil nutrient status was GL〉ML〉NG〉M＋G; and the trend of soil nutrient status was GL〉ML〉NG〉Mq-G. The soil nutrient trend of M＋G became worse gradually, but that of other three treatments was similar, and the pattern of the change was following with increasing- decreasing-increasing. The order of economic-benefit of four kinds of grasslands was GL〉ML〉M＋G〉 NG. It could be concluded that GL was the best pattern in the four grassland establishment patterns from the comprehensive profit point view.