青少年感恩的影响因素及其机制

The Influencing Factors and Mechanism of Adolescents' Gratitude

采用感恩问卷、自尊量表、应对效能量表、亲子关系问卷、同伴支持问卷、同伴拒绝问卷、学校联结量表、社区安全问卷和社区满意问卷对1217名中学生进行调查,考察了青少年感恩的影响因素及其内在机制。结果发现:(1)自尊、应对效能、亲子关系、同伴支持、学校联结、社区安全和社区满意与感恩显著正相关,同伴拒绝与感恩显著负相关;(2)自尊在亲子关系、学校联结与青少年感恩之间起着部分中介作用,应对效能在亲子关系、同伴支持、学校联结与青少年感恩之间起着部分中介作用;表明与亲子关系、同伴支持、学校联结等环境因素相比,自尊和应对效能等个体因素是影响青少年感恩的更近端因素。

To investigate the influencing factors and mechanism of adolescents＇ gratitude, 1217 secondary students were tested with gratitude questionnaire, self-esteem scale, coping efficacy scale, parent-child relationship questionnaire, peer support questionnaire, peer rejection questionnaire, school connectedness scale, community safety questionnaire and community satisfaction questionnaire. The results indicated that： （1） Self-esteem, coping efficacy, parent-child relationship, peer support, school connectedness, community safety and community satisfaction were significantly positively associated with their gratitude, peer rejection was significantly negatively associated with their gratitude. （2） Self-esteem had partial mediation effects among parent-child relationship, school connectedness and adolescents＇ gratitude; coping efficacy had partial mediation effect among parent-child relationships, peer support, school connectedness and adolescent＇ s gratitude. It is suggested that Individual factors （e. g. , elf-esteem, coping efficacy ） relative to environmental factors （e. g. , parent-child relationship, Peer support, school connectedness） are more proximal factors of adolescents＇ gratitude.