玉米淀粉组分的分离及特性

Separation and characteristic of the component of corn starch

以玉米淀粉为原料,常温下利用稀碱溶液对淀粉进行快速分散分离玉米直链淀粉和支链淀粉。以玉米直链淀粉和支链淀粉的收率和蓝值为评价指标,通过正交实验确定最佳分离工艺,结果表明:分离玉米直链淀粉的最佳工艺为NaOH浓度0.35～0.45mol/L,NaCl浓度为5%,离心机的转速为7000～8000r/min;分离玉米支链淀粉的最佳工艺为NaOH浓度0.35～0.40mol/L,NaCl浓度为4%,离心机的转速为7000～8000r/min。并通过蓝值、黏度及黏度稳定性、凝胶渗透色谱方法对其性质和纯度进行了初步分析。

Amylose and amylopectin from maize starch were separated by dispersing maize starch with thin alkali.Under the consideration of the yield and blue value of amylose and amylopectin,the optimal process parameters were conformed by the orthogonal test.The optimal parameters for separating amylose were that the density of NaOH was 0.35～0.45mol/L,the density of NaCl was 5%,the revolving speed was 7000～8000r/min.The optimal parameters for separating amylopectin were that the density of NaOH was 0.35～0.40mol/L,the density of NaCl was 4%,the revolving speed was 7000～8000r/min.The Characteristic and content were studied by the analysis of the blue value,the viscosity and stability,the GPC.