MBR工艺在含油废水处理中的应用

The Application of Membrane Bio-Reactor in Refinery Wastewater Treatment

膜生物反应器(Membrane Bio-Reactor,简称MBR)处理工艺是在真空泵和产水泵的抽吸作用下,利用膜箱上的中空纤维,对生化池的悬浮混合液进行固液分离;利用膜的选择透过性产水,在生化池中实现生物富集,生物处理效率大幅提高。截留的活性污泥以300%～400%的回流比回流至生化缺氧池,膜箱内设有曝气装置,既能对膜进行气水振荡清洗,保持膜表面清洁,又能继续在该段提供好氧微生物降解所需的氧气。该工艺具有高效的固液分离作用,出水中悬浮物等固体杂质含量很低;反应器污泥浓度高、容积负荷高,系统产泥量少;反应器内生物种群丰富,污染物去除效率高;系统采用模块化设计,占地面积小,操作简单,易于扩展,可实现全程的自动化控制。以MBR与A/O(缺氧/好氧)组合工艺为对象,研究其运行特性及维护要点。应用结果表明,在工艺控制平稳情况下,MBR处理效果明显优于A/O工艺,处理后的污水能够直接回用,或进一步深度处理后回用。

Membrane Bio-Reactor（MBR） technology uses hollow fiber on the membrane tank to separate solids and liquid of suspended liquid mixture in a biochemical reaction tank through the pumping action of vacuum pumps and water production pumps.It utilizes the selective permeability of membrane to produce effluent and achieve biological concentration in the biochemical reaction tank,greatly raising the efficiency of biological treatment.The active sludge trapped flows back to the biological anoxic tank at a reflux ratio of 300%-400%.Inside the membrane tank is installed an aerating apparatus,which can clean the surface of the membrane with water and gas by means of oscillation on the one hand and on the other hand supply oxygen needed in the degradation of aerobe.This technology can efficiently separate solid and liquid and the effluent it produces contains very low contents of solid impurities such as suspended matters.The concentration of sludge in the reactor is high,the volumetric load is high and sludge output of the system is low.The reactor has rich biological populations in it and has a high rate of removal of pollutants.The system uses a modular design and does not require a large land area.It is easy to operate and expand and allows whole-process automated control.This article studies the operational characteristics of the MBR and A/O integrated technology and key points of maintenance.Application results show that if process control is stable,MBR′s treatment effect is much better than A/O technology.The effluent produced by MBR can either be directly recovered or be recovered after being further treated.