社区糖尿病患者的健康教育与护理意义

Community diabetic＇s health education and nursing significance

糖尿病是以持续高血糖为其基本生化特征的一种慢性全身性代谢性疾病，主要是由于体内胰岛素分泌绝对缺少或由于身体对胰岛素的需求量增多而造成的胰岛素相对不足，或由于胰岛素抵抗，从而导致以糖代谢紊乱为主的糖、蛋白质、脂肪代谢紊乱的一种综合病症。糖尿病需要终身监测及治疗，如果不能得到良好的控制，将会导致各种并发症，严重危害患者的健康和生命。老年患者常伴代谢异常，并发症的危险系数显著增高。有关资料显示，老年糖尿病患者的生活满意度较低，生活质量较差。社区老年糖尿病患者的健康教育可减少并发症发生、延缓病情进展、提高患者生活质量，但糖尿病健康教育形式化，即缺乏能动性与有效的沟通，使健康教育效能降低。治疗性会谈是护患双方围绕与患者健康有关的内容进行的有目的的、高度专业化的沟通过程，可深化沟通力度。将健康教育与护理治疗性会谈相结合，可提高健康教育的效能。

Diabetes are take continue the hyperglycemia as its basic biochemistry characteristic one kind of chronic body-wide metabolic disease, mainly is because in vivo insulin secretion lacks absolutely or because the body increases the insulin relative insufficiency to the insulin demand which creates,or as a result of insulin resistance, thus causes by the sugar metabolism disorder primarily sugar, the protein, the fat metabolism disorder one kind of syndrome. Diabetes will need the lifelong monitor and the treatment, if cannot be under the good control, will be able to cause each kind of complication, severely impair patient＇s health and life. The old age patient often accompanies metabolism to be unusual, complication danger coefficient remarkable markup. The pertinent data demonstrated that, the old age diabetic＇s life degree of satisfaction is low, the quality of life is bad. The community old age diabetic＇s health education may reduce the complication to have, the postponement condition progresses,improves the patient quality of life, but diabetes health education formalization, namely lacks the activity and the effective communication, causes the health education potency to reduce. The medical discussion is protects the trouble both sides encompassment and the patient health related content carries on has the goal, the high specialized communication process, may deepen the communication dynamics. Unifies the health education and the nursing medical discussion, may enhance the health education the potency.