儿童近视滴眼液治疗的临床效果观察

Child nearsightedness drop eye fluid treatment clinical effect observation

近视是一种常见眼病，在我国及其他亚洲国家，中学生的发病率高迭60％～80％，而且还有上升趋势；在欧美国家，成人的发病率约为20％～50％。近视不仅影响了患者的生活质量，而且随着度数的增加，近视引起的可致盲性眼病也相应增加，如裂孔源性视网膜脱离、黄斑病变和开角型青光眼等。当前，近视的脱镜治疗虽然得到了快速发展，但并不能改善其引起的病理改变，以及相关眼病的发生，因此，预防和控制近视的发生、发展是近视治疗的根本。控制和减缓近视的发展仍是困扰眼科工作者的难题，当前在药物治疗方面获得了一些进展。阿托品滴眼液是目前公认的减缓近视发展的有效药物，但是，阿托品可引起瞳孔散大及调节麻痹，长期应用可引起视网膜光损害及并发性白内障，目前尚难以在临床上大面积推广。相对阿托品，消旋山莨菪碱是较弱的M胆碱能受体拮抗剂，有可能减缓近视发展的同时，局部的毒副作用不明显。因此，本研究将对0．5％消旋山莨菪碱滴眼液治疗儿童近视进行临床观察，探讨其有效性和安全性。

The nearsightedness is one kind of common ophthalmopathy,in our country and other Asian country, middle-school student＇s disease incidence rate reaches as high as 60%- 80%, moreover also has the trend of escalation;In the European and American countries, adult＇s disease incidence rate is approximately 20%- 50%. Not only the nearsightedness has affected patientls ＇quality of life,moreover along with the number of degree increase,the nearsightedness causes may the blinding ophthalmopathy also correspondingly increase, like hiatus source detachment of retina, the yellow spot pathological change and holds the angle glaucoma and so on. Presently,although the nearsightedness escaped the mirror treatment to obtain the fast development, but could not improve the pathology change which it caused,as well as correlation ophthalmopathy occurrence, therefore,theprevention and the control nearsightedness occurrence,the development were the basis which the nearsightedness treated. The control and the slow-down nearsightedness development still was puzzles the ophthalmology department workers the difficult problem, current has obtained some progress in the medicine treatment aspect. The effective medicine which the atropine drop eye fluid is which at present recognizes the slow-down nearsightedness develops,but, the atropine may cause the mydriasis and adjustment paralysis, the long-term application may cause the retina light harm and the concurrency cataract, at present still with difficulty in on clinical big area promotion. The relative atropine,the racemization mountain scopolamine hyoscine is the weak M choline can the acceptor antagonist compound, has the possibility to slow down at the same time which the nearsightedness develops, partial poisonous side effect not obvious. Therefore,this research will treat the child nearsightedness to 0. 5% racemization mountain scopolamine hyoscine drop eye fluid to carry on the clinical observation,will discuss its validity and the security.