山地森林土壤枯枝落叶层结构和功能的研究

STUDIES ON STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF FOREST FLOORS OF MOUNTAIN FOREST SOILS

本试验设置在卧龙自然保护区1200—4300m海拔高度不同生物气候带的森林类型下。五处试验林地是:1.常绿阔叶林下的山地黄壤;2.次生落叶阔叶林下的山地棕壤;3.针阔混交林下的山地暗棕壤;4.暗针叶林下的山地棕色暗针叶林土;5.高山草甸植被下的高山草甸土。通过1981—1984年进行定位观测和试验研究,其结果阐明了该林区森林枯枝落叶层的构型、贮量及其化学、物理性质和灰分元素组成等;并探讨了森林枯枝落叶层在森林土壤生态系统中对水源涵养、养分供应、促进生物活动强度和土壤发育等方面的功能。

Permanent sample plots were laid under forests in the area of 30° 45'—31°25' N.lat. and 102°52'—103°24' E long, with the altitude of 1200—4300 m above sea level in the Wolong Natural Reserve. Sample plots were set up on 5 mountain forest soils, i.e mountain yellow soils under the evergreen forest, mountain brown forest soils under the deciduous and broad-leaved forest, mountain dark brown forest soils under the coniferous deciduous and broadleaved mixed forest, mountain brown dark coniferous forest soils under the pue fir forest, and alpine meadow soils under the alpine meadow. Observation began in 1981 and ended in 1984. Structural patterns, total biomass (11.24—113.94t/ha), chemical and physical properties, elemental content of the forest floor were studied. Finally, the function of forest floor on wate conservation, nutrient supply, promoting biological respiratory intensity and soil development are discussed.