我国热带、亚热带干热地区土壤发生特性的研究

THE GENETIC PROPERTIES OF SOILS IN ARID TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL REGIONS OF CHINA

本文对我国四川渡口、云南元谋和元江、广西田林以及海南岛西部等几个干热地区土壤的形成条件和发生学特征及发育程度进行了对比研究,同时对该类土壤发生上的共性及差异性进行了对比研究。结果表明,干热地区土壤与相应湿润地区土壤相比,具有淋溶特征不明显及土壤发育程度较轻等共同特征。不同干热地区因干热程度及水热配置上的不同,土壤在发育强度上也表现出明显差异,其顺序是:粤11号>滇5号>桂7号>滇1号>滇4号,分别处于铁铝化、弱铁铝化、准铁铝化、铁硅铝化及硅铝化阶段。

This paper deals with the comparative study of the genetic properties of soils in arid tropical and subtropica regions of China. The results showed that, (1) as compared with the corresponding soils in humid regions all the soils in arid areas are the same in properties, with a weeker eluviation, higher pH and base saturation, a little difference between CEC and ECEC, a very low amount of variable negative charge, a high ferritization coefficient, low hydration coefficient, and low contents of active Fe and Al which indicates that the soil developing intensity is low. (2) Owing to the different hydrothermal condition the soils in various arid regions are different in their developing intensity. The developing intensity of the soils in various regions studied is in a desconding sequence of the soil in west Hainan (in ferrallitic stage)>the soil in Yuanjiang Yunnan (weak ferrallitic) the soil in Tianlin, Guangxi (parafereallitic)>the soil in Yuanmou Yunnan (fersiallitio)>the soil in Dukou, Yunnan (scallitic).