半散养状态下斑嘴鹈鹕繁殖期行为的初步研究

Preliminary Observation on the Breeding Behaviors of the Semifree-ranging Spot-billed Pelican (Pelecanus philippensis)

采用所有事件取样法对上海动物园自由生活的斑嘴鹈鹕(Pelecanus philippensis)繁殖期行为进行了初步研究。结果表明,繁殖期间雄性的活动时间显著高于雌性(P<0.01)。在昼间节律上,斑嘴鹈鹕有3个活动高峰,分别为6:00～7:00时、10:00～11:00时(雄性)或11:00～12:00时(雌性)、14:00～15:00时。取巢材主要由雄性承担,雌性几乎不外出取巢材(取巢材时间仅占0.4%);雌雄共同筑巢,但雌性用于筑巢的时间明显大于雄性(P<0.01)。雌雄配偶通过换孵的方式共同孵卵,白天雌性的孵卵时间显著高于雄性(P<0.01),换孵频次为(1.62±1.08)次/d。繁殖期间斑嘴鹈鹕雌雄个体间存在着明显的分工与合作。

The breeding behavior of Spot-billed Pelican（Pelecanus philippensis） was recorded by All-occurrence Recording Method in Shanghai Zoo from March 9th to April 7th,2010.Three activity peaks occur in daylight hour at 6：00-7：00,10：00-11：00（male） or 11：00-12：00（female）,14：00-15：00 respectively.The activity duration of males are significantly more than that of females（P 0.01）.Males spend much more time to get nest materials than females（8.90% ± 5.04% vs.6.19% ± 0.40%）,while females spend more time to build nest than males（10.09% ± 4.81% vs.5.92% ± 2.62%）（P 0.01）.Both male and female take turn in hatching eggs with an average exchange hatching frequency of 1.62 ± 1.08 times /day,however,the female takes more time in hatching than the male（P 0.01）.The results indicate that male and female cooperate closely in breeding activity.