河西走廊金塔绿洲农业生态系统资源环境效应综合评价

Comprehensive Evaluation of Resource and Environment Effects of Agricultural Ecosystem in the Jinta Oasis of Gansu,China

运用能值分析理论,对金塔绿洲1969—2008年农业生态系统资源环境效应及其投入产出状况进行分析,研究系统组成要素之间的内在联系及外部环境要素对农业生态系统的影响。结果显示,近40 a来,金塔绿洲农业生态系统的总能值投入和总能值产出均呈增加趋势。能值投入以不可更新的工业辅助能值投入为主,化肥、农用机械和农用电力占主要部分。在农业生态系统能值产出中,种植业生产占绝对优势,畜牧业居次。各能值指标变化结果反映了绿洲农业生态系统在引进和利用外资、资源、技术和创新等方面存在的缺陷。同时也说明了系统所面临的环境压力在不断增大,可持续发展能力迅速下降,应该注意农业发展的持续性和健康性,在实现系统经济效益的同时,必须注重生态环境保护,提高生态效益。

Based on energy theory, resource and environment effects and energy input or output condition of agricultural ecosystem in the Jinta Oasis were analyzed, as well as the internal relations of component elements and its influence on the system were studied. The results indicated was shown that both the energy input and energy output of the agricultural ecosystem in the Jinta Oasis increased during the past 40 years. The energy input was dominated by industrial subsidiary energy, which mainly included chemical fertilizer, agricultural machinery and electric power. Farming production predominated in energy output, and animal husbandry occupied second place. The defects in introducing and using of foreign capital, resources, technology and innovation in the agricultural ecosystem were disclosed too. The environmental pressure on this agricultural ecosystem was enhancing and the ecosystem sustainable development ability was declining. It is highly important to protect the ecological environment of the Jinta Oasis in order to enhance the persistence and healthfulness of the agricultural ecosystem.