樟树苗期遗传变异研究

The Study on Genetic Variance at Seedling Stage of Cinnamomum camphora L.

对樟树苗期种源／ 家系两水平试验研究，目的是为樟树遗传改良提供一些参考依据。研究表明，樟树的遗传变异存在于种源和家系两个层次。樟树苗高、分枝高、冻害性状的种源层次的变异远大于家系层次的变异，地径则相反。方差分析表明，樟树苗期种源间在苗高、地径、分枝高、冻害上有极显著差异；家系之间在地径性状上有显著差异，其它性状上无显著差异。种源内大多数家系间在各性状上达不到显著水平。在苗高、地径、分枝高、冻害各性状上，高于遂川种源的家系分别有５６ ，４７ ，６１ ，６８ 个，低于遂川种源的分别有１３５ ，１４４ ，１３０ ，１２３ 个。苗高与年均温和绝对低温显著相关，分枝高与年均温显著相关。苗高、地径、分枝高性状之间呈极显著相关，而这些性状与冻害无显著相关。

The provenance/family test of C. camphora L was carried out at the seedling stage in order to provide reference basis for genetic improvement of camphor tree. The result showed that there is genetic variation on provenance level and family level. The genetic variation of seedling height, branching height, freeze injury are much greater on provenance level than those on family level, but ground diameter trait on family level is on the contrary. The variance analysis shows there is extreme significant difference in seedling height, ground diameter, branching height, freeze injury among provenances; there is significant difference in ground diameter but no significant difference in other traits among families, and there is no significant difference for many traits among families within provenance. There are 56, 47, 61, 68 families with higher traits and 135, 144, 130, 123 families with lower traits compared to Suichuan provenance in seedling height, ground diameter, branching height, freeze injury. Seedling height has significant relationship with extreme lowest temperature and branching height has significant relationship with annual mean temperature. There is extreme significant relationship among seedling height ground diameter and branching height; but there is no significant relationship between freeze injury and these traits.