肚倍蚜越冬世代若蚜抗逆性研究

The Nymphs Resistance of Overwintering Generration on Du ensiform Gall Aphid

人工培养肚倍蚜越冬世代初期，由于若蚜的抗逆能力很差，生产中常常造成９０％ 以上的死亡率。笔者对若蚜的有关生物学和生态学进行了研究，结果表明：①若蚜胎生出后２ ｄ 内，４ ｈ 直射光可导致全部死亡； 接触到水珠或水膜后，若蚜不能摆脱水的表面张力，因体壁吸水而胀死。②若蚜出生２ ｄ 后，体表产生蜡丝，１０ ｄ 左右形成蜡球。③多数若蚜不取食只能存活２ ～４ ｄ ，极少数可存活１４ ｄ 。④藓层水分对若蚜的寄生影响很大，苔藓鳞叶开张无水膜时，寄生率最高可达６０ ．６３ ％ ，苔藓干燥鳞叶紧闭时寄生率为３ ．０１ ％ ，鳞叶间存在水膜时寄生率为７ ．７６ ％ 。自然或人工培养肚倍蚜越冬世代，应特别注意遮荫和藓层水分状况。

The Du ensiform gall aphid, Kaburagia rhusicola Takagi, is an important resource insect which produces raw materials for industrial use. During natural and indoor rearing, the dead rate of overwintering generation were often over 90%. Some of biological and ecological characteristic on overwintering generation nymphs resistance were studied. The results indicated: ① The nymphs born in 2 days will dead in sunlight for about 4 hours or contacting water. ② The nymphs born after 2 days, produce wax thread. The wax thread of nymphs body are more clearer and thicker. ③ Most of nymphs can live in 2～4 days without food, a few can live 14 days. ④ The moisture of winter host, Burohynum leptothallum, is very important to nymphs parasitic. The nymph parasite rate will be 60.63% in the condition of the moss scales opening and without water film among scales, the nymphs parasitie rate will be very lower in the other condition.