单芒山羊草与粘果山羊草胞质雄性不育系细胞质效应比较

The Comparative Study of the Cytoplasm Effect Between Ae. Uniaristata and Ae.Kotschyi CMS Line

利用单芒山羊草细胞质雄性不育系（Ｕ 型不育系）Ｕ４０１、Ｕ４０２ 、Ｕ８５６７、Ｕ５１３ ，粘果山羊草细胞质雄性不育系Ｋ４０１ 、Ｋ４０２、Ｋ８５６７、Ｋ５１３ 及其同型保持系Ａ４０１ 、Ａ４０２ 、Ａ８５６７ 、Ａ５１３ 分别与１０ 个普通小麦品种杂交，对其Ｆ１ 及其亲本，不育系、保持系主要农艺性状、恢保关系及单倍体发生频率研究表明：①相比于Ａ 型与Ｋ型细胞质，Ｕ 型细胞质在农艺性状上无显著不良效应；②Ｕ 型细胞质杂种较Ｋ 型杂种籽粒发芽率高，籽粒饱满，容重增大；③Ｕ 型细胞质较Ｋ 型细胞质可能有更强的抗白粉病能力；④Ｕ 型不育系与Ｋ 型不育系恢保关系基本一致，但也有差异，Ｕ 型不育系育性恢复较Ｋ 型难，且更易受气候因素影响；⑤Ｕ 型细胞质诱导单倍体频率较Ｋ型高。

Ae. Uniaristata cytoplasm wheat male sterile (CMS) lines U401,U402,U8567,U513,Ae. Kotschyi CMS lines K401,K402,K8567,K513 and their maintainer lines A401,A402,A8567,A513,were crossed with 10 common wheat lines respectively. The agronomy characters, fertility restoration and maintaining relationship, as well as haploid frequency of the F 1 hybrids and their parents were investigated. The results indicated: ① Compared with A type and K type cytoplasm, U type cytoplasm had no significant negative effect on agronomicy characters. ② U type cytoplasm hybrid had higher germination rate than that of K type cytoplasm. ③ U type cytoplasm probably had stronger resistante to powdery mildew than the K type cytoplasm.④ The relationship of restoration and maintaining to that of Ae. Uniaristata CMS line almost was identical to that of (K type)Ae. Kotschyi CMS line, but some difference still existed between the two types of CMS lines. The fertility restoration of U type CMS line was more difficult and easily affected by the factors of climate. ⑤ U type cytoplasm caused higher haploid frequency than K type. the interaction between nuclei and cytoplasm was significant.