巴楚蘑菇研究I.营养成分

Study of the Mushroom in Bachu County Ⅰ. Nutritive Component

研究了主产于新疆南部巴楚县的珍稀名贵野生食用菌巴楚蘑菇的蛋白质、氨基酸、脂肪与脂肪酸及矿质元素含量与组成。结果表明：①巴楚蘑菇中的蛋白质含量高于平菇、香菇及黑木耳，略低于新疆所产美味食用菌粗柄羊肚菌；氨基酸总量、人体必需氨基酸含量及其占氨基酸总量的比率均与粗柄羊肚菌相似；人体必需氨基酸在氨基酸总量中所占比率高于平菇、香菇、双孢蘑菇及黑木耳；②巴楚蘑菇中的粗脂肪含量及不饱和脂肪酸在脂肪中所占比率均高于平菇、香菇、黑木耳、双孢磨菇及粗柄羊肚菌；③巴楚蘑菇中含有丰富的矿质元素，其中对人体健康不可缺少的Ｃａ、Ｐ、Ｍｎ、Ｚｎ 元素含量较高，有害元素Ｃｒ、Ｃｄ、Ｐｂ 含量甚微。

The contents and varieties of nutritive component of the famous,rare mushroom which is mainly produced in Bachu county of the South of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region such as protein,amino acid,fat,fatty acid and mineral elements were studied.It shows as follows:① the protein content of Bachu mushroom is higher than that of Pleurotus ostreatus,Lentinus edodes and Aurirularia (PLA),is lower than that of Morchella crassipes; the total (T) and essential to people (E) of amino acid,the ratio of E to T were similar to the Morchella crassipes,the ratio was higher than that of PLA;② the fat content and ratio of unsaturated fatty acid in total fat were higher than that of PLA and Morchella crassipes; ③ Bachu mushroom has very abundant mineral elements,for example,the content of Ca,P,Mn,Zn,Cu which is essential to people is higher,that of Cr,Cd,Pb which is harmful to people is rate,that of Sn is not determined.