湖北地区儿童急性呼吸道感染病原体研究

Study on pathogens causing acute respiratory tract infection in Hubei province

目的了解湖北地区儿童急性呼吸道感染（ARI）的病原谱,为临床抗感染及病原体检测提供依据。方法收集947例拟诊断为ARI患儿的血清标本,采用间接免疫荧光法检测其中9种常见病原体的IgM抗体。结果 947例患儿中抗体阳性882例,阳性率为93.1%,其中≤1、1~3、3~6、〉6岁各年龄组阳性率分别为87.5%、94.3%、97.0%、96.9%,各组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;9种病原体中肺炎支原体阳性率最高,其他依次为乙型流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、副流感病毒、腺病毒、甲型流感病毒、嗜肺军团菌血清Ⅰ型、Q热立克次体、肺炎衣原体;混合感染718例,占81.4%,主要是两种的病原体混合感染。结论湖北地区引起儿童急性呼吸道感染的病原体的主要是肺炎支原体、乙型流感病毒和呼吸道合胞病毒;混合感染比较普遍,主要是肺炎支原体和乙型流感病毒的混合感染;病原体感染在各年龄组中存在差异。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the pathogen of children with acute respiratory tract infection（ARI） in Hubei province and to provide some evidences for clinically anti-infection therapy and the pathogen tests.METHODS A total of 947 blood serum samples from ARI patients were collected.Indirect immunofluorescence assay was applied to detect IgM antibodies of 9 common pathogens.RESULTS Totally 882 cases of patients were detected with the positive rate of 93.1%.The positive rates of the aged ≤1 years,1y ≤3 years old,3y ≤6 years old,6 years old were 87.5%,94.3%,97.0% and 96.9%,respectively.Among the 9 pathogens,the positive rate of mycoplasma pneumonia（MP） was the highest,followed by FluB,RSV,PIV,ADV,FluA,LPN-1,COX and CPn.718（81.4%） cases of them were mixed infection,which were infected by two pathogens（MP＋FLuB）.CONCLUSION The main pathogens causing respiratory tract infection in Hubei are MP,FluB and RSV;the mixed infection mainly caused by MP and influenza B virus is more widespread;and there are significant differences in the different age groups.