义务教育优质均衡发展保障研究——以江苏省为例

Study on High-Quality Guarantee and Balanced Development of Compulsory Education:Take Jiangsu Province as an Example

江苏是教育大省,义务教育事业发展位居全国前列,但也存在较严重的不均衡问题,主要表现在经费分配的地区与校际间不均衡、教学设施建设不均衡、师资力量与水平存在差距等方面。究其原因,既有二元结构的历史根源,也有政府职能不到位和制度缺陷的因素。实现江苏省义务教育优质均衡发展,根本在于发展地方经济,保证经费总量足额投入,但眼前亟需进行合理的制度安排。应相对集中义务教育投入与监管责任,完善地方政府的教育责任考核制度,完善省级义务教育转移支付制度,加强教师队伍建设。

Jiangsu is a big province in education,the overall situation of compulsory education is fairly good,but there are some serious imbalanced problems,mainly in uneven funds allocation between regions and interscholastic,unequal construction of teaching facilities,definite disparity of teaching staff and the level and so on.Analyzing the reasons,we can find there are historical roots of the dual system,then the government function does not arrive at a place and the system defect is included as well.The realization of high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education in Jiangsu province lies in developing local economy and ensuring full investment of the total funds,however,the reasonably institutional arrangements are badly in need at present.We should relatively concentrate on compulsory education investment and supervision responsibility,improve the evaluation system of local government＇s responsibility for education,perfect provincial level compulsory education transfer payment system,and lay emphasis on the training and development of teachers.