影响玉米孤雌生殖诱导率的因素研究

Study on induction rate factors of maize parthenogenesis

为加快玉米自交系的选育速度,2009年进行玉米孤雌生殖试验,研究了药物诱导玉米孤雌生殖的方法和效果。试验采用MH(青鲜素)、DMSO(二甲基亚砜)和COL(秋水仙素)3种药剂,5种试验处理,对6份不同遗传背景材料诱导玉米孤雌生殖。结果表明,在已处理的250穗中,平均诱导率为0.022%～0.257%;化学药物配比最佳组合为40mg·kg-1MH+2%DMSO+0.2%COL;诱导时期以雌穗抽丝4d花丝上施药效果最好。此外,不同基因型试验材料对玉米孤雌生殖存在极显著影响,杂交种的孤雌生殖诱导率比自交系高。

It studied the way and the effects of chemicals inducing on maize parthenogenesis for breeding step of quickening maize inbred lines.The experiment of maize parthenogenesis was carried out in 2009.In this study,three chemicals were used to induce parthenogenesis of five levels for six materials of different genetic background.The results showed that for treated 250 corns,the average of kernel setting rate was 0.022%-0.257%;the best combination of chemicals was 40 mg·kg-1 MH＋2% DMSO＋0.2% COL;the best inducing time was 4 d after silking;and different genotypes maize had extremely significant effect on parthenogenesis,and the induction rate of the hybrid parthenogenesis were highter than the inbred lines.