大花卷丹与亚洲百合、东方百合种间杂交及胚培养研究

Interspecific hybridization between Lilium leichtlinii var.maximowiczii Baker and Asiatic,Oriental lilies and embryo culture

利用我国东北原产的野生百合大花卷丹(Lilium leichtlinii var.maximowiczii Baker)与亚洲百合杂种系、东方百合杂种系进行正反交,并对杂种胚进行离体培养,研究不同杂交组合、胚龄、激素配比对杂种胚培养的影响。结果表明,大花卷丹与亚洲百合杂种系精粹、多安娜的正反交组合均获得了有胚种子,而大花卷丹与东方百合杂种系索蚌、西伯利亚的正反交组合均未获得有胚种子;授粉后40～50d的杂种胚最适于胚培养,最适幼胚萌发培养基是MS+NAA0.01mg·L-1+BA0.1mg·L-1,幼胚平均萌发率高达92.6%,成苗率达57.4%;最适小鳞茎诱导培养基是MS+NAA0.01mg·L-1+BA0.5mg·L-1,平均诱导率达35.4%。

The reciprocal crosses of Lilium leichtlinii var.maximowiczii Baker native to Northeast China and Asiatic and Oriental lily hybrids were carried out and the immature embryos were used as the explants to in vitro culture.The factors influencing embryo culture were also studied.The results indicated that the seeds with embryo could be obtained from the cross of L.leichtlinii var.maximowiczii and Asiatic lily hybrids cvs Elite and Pollyanna,but could not be obtained from the cross of L.leichtlinii var.maximowiczii and Oriental lily hybrids cvs Sorbonne and Siberia.The fittest age for the immature embryos to in vitro culture was from 40 to 50 d after pollination.The best medium for embryo germina-tion was MS＋NAA 0.01 mg·L-1 ＋ BA 0.1 mg·L-1 with the average germination rate 92.6% and the seedling rate 57.4%.The best medium for bulblet induction was MS＋NAA 0.01 mg·L-1 ＋ BA 0.5 mg·L-1 with the average induction rate 35.4%.