热力学系统定量化研究之二:边界热质传递过程分析

Quantitative study of thermodynamics system(Ⅱ): analysis of heat and mass transmission on boundary

热力学系统通过边界实现与外界的热质传递,精确分析边界中热质传递过程,是研究系统内部参数变化规律的前提和基础.在热力学系统定量化模型及基本概念研究的基础上,讨论复杂边界分类、边界表达式、物量传递方式、物量传递过程分析、边界开放度熵判据、交换率熵判据等;作为应用,对麦克斯韦妖系统进行分析,提出热力学系统中"被动传递"、"促进传递"和"主动传递"概念,推导一般热力学系统的开放度熵判据和交换率熵判据,解释困扰热力学发展的麦克斯韦妖问题.

Thermodynamics system transformation occurs at system border by heat and mass transmission.So examining heat and mass transfer of boundary accurately is the prerequisite and basis for the study on the parameters variation behavior in the system.In this paper,on the basis of quantitative model and basic concepts in the thermodynamics system,we discuss the classification of complex boundary,the boundary expression,the style of physical quantities transmission,process analysis of the physical quantities transmission,the entropy criterion of boundaries opening,and the entropy criterion of the exchange rate.As an application,we analyze Maxwell demon system,put forward the concepts of 'passive transport','facilitated transport' and 'active transport' in thermodynamics system,and then deduce the entropy criterion of open ratio and exchange ratio in general thermodynamics system,as we explain the Maxwell demon problems which ever since perplex the thermodynamics development.