早熟陆地棉基于性状主成分和SSR分子标记的遗传距离分析

Analysis on Genetic Distance Based on Principle Component of Main Characters and SSR Molecular Marker of Early Maturing Upland Cotton

【目的】为早熟陆地棉杂交亲本选配提供参考。【方法】将12个品种初步划分成两组亲本,对基于表现型和基因型差异的遗传距离进行分析。【结果】对17个性状进行主成分分析结果表明,前5个特征根和相应的特征向量累积贡献率达86.443%,可以反应所有性状的绝大部分变异信息。用5个主成分因子得分计算两组亲本间的遗传距离,发现P1.1与P2.5,P1.4与P2.3、P2.5,P1.5与P2.2、P2.4的遗传距离最远;P1.1、P1.2与P2.1、P2.6,P1.6与P2.6的遗传距离最近。用SSR扩增结果计算两组亲本间的遗传距离,发现P1.1与P2.1、P2.2,P1.2与P2.1、P2.2,P1.3与P2.4的遗传距离最远;P1.1与P2.3、P2.6,P1.2、P1.4与P2.6,P1.6与P2.1的遗传距离最近。这两组遗传距离之间无显著相关性(R=0.115)。【结论】早熟陆地棉基于主要性状主成分和SSR分子标记结果的遗传距离差异较大,建议在选配亲本时同时考虑亲本间的表现型和基因型差异。

【Objective】To give some messages of parent selection in early maturing upland cotton hybridization breeding.【Method】12 parent lines had been divided into two groups initially,the genetic distance of which was analyzed based on the phenotype and genotype.【Result】Principal components analysis of 17 characters indicated that the characteristic vector contribution rate of the first 5 principal component were 86.443%,which could reflect most genetic variation of characters.The genetic distance between two groups parents were calculated by 5 principal components.There were furthest genetic distance between P1.1 and P2.5,P1.4 and P2.3,P2.5,P1.5 and P2.2,P2.4,and were closest genetic distance between P1.1,P1.2 and P2.1,P2.6,P1.6 and P2.6.Combined with SSR molecular markers result,P1.1 had the farthest relationship with P2.1,P2.2、as well as P1.2 and P2.1,P2.2,P1.3and P2.4,P1.1 had the closest relationship with P2.3,P2.6,as well as P1.2,P1.4 and P2.6,P1.6 and P2.1.There was no relation between two group genetic distance based on the classification results with principal component analysis and SSR molecular marker result（R=0.115）.【Conclusion】So early maturing upland cotton parent selecting should be take into account the differences between phenotypes and genotypes.