新疆冬小麦地方品种与选育品种遗传性状比较分析

Comparative Analysis of Genetic Characters About Landrace and Breeding Winter Wheat Varieties in Xinjiang

【目的】比较分析新疆冬小麦地方品种与选育品种遗传多样性差异。【方法】以新疆冬小麦117份地方品种和39份选育品种为试验材料进行13个农艺性状和2个品质性状的比较分析。【结果】地方品种在旗叶长、旗叶宽、株高、分蘖数、有效分蘖数、穗粒重、千粒重和蛋白质等8个性状的变异系数高于选育品种,而穗长、小穗着生密度、每穗小穗数、小穗粒数、穗粒数、穗粒重和千粒重等8个性状的变异系数均略低于选育品种,且地方品种的蛋白质含量和湿面筋含量都高于选育品种;15个性状间简单相关分析中,地方品种有24对性状相关极显著,选育品种仅有6对性状相关极显著。【结论】新疆地方冬小麦品种遗传多样性丰富,对于冬小麦育种改良具有参考利用价值。

【Objective】To analyse of genetic differences about landrace and bred winter wheat varieties in Xinjiang.【Method】This article analyzed and compared the genetic diversity in 13 agronomic traits and 2 qualitative traits of landrace varieties,bred varieties of winter wheat in Xinjiang.【Result】The results showed that the diversity of landrace varieties was more than that of bred varieties in general.In simple correlation analysis,there were 24 pairs of landrace varieties and 6 pairs of bred varieties of characters with significant correlations respectively.【Conclusion】There were abundant diversity among chief agriculture traits in landrace varieties,so these could afford reference in winter wheat breeding.