新疆沙尘暴源区塔克拉玛干空气真菌群落的T-RFLP分析

Analysis on Fungal Diversity of Air Microbial Communities from Sandstorm Source Areas of the Taklamakan Desert in Xinjiang

【目的】了解新疆塔克拉玛干沙漠周边地区空气真菌物种多样性及群落结构特征。【方法】应用末端限制性片段长度多态性(T-RFLP)技术分析和比较塔克拉玛干沙漠空气真菌多样性。【结果】塔克拉玛干沙漠周边且末地区的空气真菌物种多样性最高,尉犁地区最少,9个地区空气样品间相似性介于8.3%～41.9%,其中若羌和莎车地区的相似性最高,达到41.9%;尉犁地区与且末、叶城的相似性最低,为8.3%,与聚类分析结果大体上相一致。典型性相关分析(CCA)表明非生物环境因子(海拔、温度、风速等)影响空气真菌群落的多样性。【结论】塔克拉玛干沙漠周边9个地区空气真菌多样性较丰富,且各地区的优势真菌种群和丰度不同;限制性内切酶的种类对空气真菌群落信息的描述有较大影响。

【Objective】The aim of the test was to reveal the air fungal diversity and compare the characteristics and the differences of air fungal communities in different regions around the edge of Taklamakan desert.【Method】Terminalrestriction fragment length polymorphism（T-RFLP） was used to analyze and compare fungal diversity of air microbial communities from 9 regions of the Taklamakan Desert in Xinjiang.【Result】The diversity index based on T-RFLP fingerprint showed the air fungal communites were rich in the Taklamakan Desert,Of them the highest Shannon index exists in Qarqan and the lowest was in Yuli.The similarity coefficient indicated the air fungal community similarity among 9 samples was between 8.3%-41.9%,Ruoqiang and Shache had the highest similarity in all（41.9%） and Yuli,Qarqan and Kargilik were the lowest（8.3%）.Hierarchical Cluster Analysis had the same results with the similarity coefficient.Quantitative study showed that 9 regions of each species abundances was greatly different and had difference between dominant species and endemic species.The typical corresponding analysis（CCA） showed that the diversity index was highly affected by some environmental factors,such as altitude,temperature and wind speed.【Conclusion】The results suggested that the air fungal community was abundant from T-RFs fingerprint,and it is distinct between fungal species and abundance in different regions;the description of air microbial community was highly impacted by the choice of restriction enzymes.