观察昂丹司琼防治肿瘤化疗引起呕吐的临床疗效分析

The clinical analysis of cancer prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced vomiting with ondansetron

目的:观察新一代止吐药昂丹司琼对防治肿瘤患者化疗引起的恶心呕吐胃肠道反应的疗效,以保证化疗顺利进行。方法:60例患者采用自身交叉对照法随机分为A、B两组,化疗第一周期,A组应用昂丹司琼8mg静滴,化疗前20分钟应用,每日一次,d1～d5天,B组应用胃复安20mg肌注,每日二次,并加用吗叮啉片10mg,每日三次口服,d1～d5天。第二周期化疗,A、B两组止吐药物交换,两组止吐药均与化疗日期同步。采用1990年欧洲临床肿瘤会议推荐的恶心呕吐标准,对两组止吐药物的疗效进行对比和评价。结果:两组药物的有效率有显著的统计学差异(P<0.005)。在控制化疗引起的恶心呕吐方面,昂丹司琼的疗效明显优于胃复安加吗叮啉。结论:新一代止吐剂昂丹司琼能够有效控制以顺铂为主的不同联合化疗方案引起的恶心呕吐胃肠道反应,其疗效明显优于传统的常规止吐药物,并且副作用小,使用安全,有效作用时间长,这对提高肿瘤化疗的疗效,延长患者的生存期,提高患者的生活质量有重要作用。因此,昂丹司琼应作为化疗辅助用药的首选药物之一。

Objective：To observe the antiemetic ondansetron,a new generation of prevention and treatment of cancer patients with chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting,the efficacy of gastrointestinal reactions to ensure the smooth progress of chemotherapy.Methods：60 patients were treated with crossover randomly divided into A,B groups,the first cycle of chemotherapy,A group of Ondansetron 8mg intravenously applied 20 minutes before chemotherapy,once a day,d1～d5 days,B group Application of metoclopramide 20mg intramuscular injection,twice daily,and the addition of domperidone tablets 10mg,three times a day orally,d1～d5 days.Second cycle of chemotherapy,A,B two antiemetic exchange,the two groups were associated with chemotherapy antiemetic date synchronization.By 1990,European Journal of Clinical Oncology meeting recommended standards for nausea and vomiting,antiemetic efficacy between the two groups were compared and evaluated.Results：Efficient two drugs was statistically significant difference（P0.005）.In the control of chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting,the efficacy of ondansetron plus metoclopramide is superior to domperidone.Conclusion：A new generation of rescue antiemetic ondansetron can effectively control the different cisplatin-based combined chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting,gastrointestinal reactions,and its efficacy is superior to the traditional conventional antiemetic drugs and side effects,use of safety And effective role in a long time,which is to improve the efficacy of chemotherapy and prolong survival of patients and improve the quality of life of patients has an important role.Therefore,ondansetron should be used as adjuvant chemotherapy,one of the drugs of choice.