N、K、Mg营养平衡与甘蓝高产优质的关系

Relationship between balanced application of N,K and Mg fertilizers

采用田间试验方法，在川东酸性紫色土上进行等磷钾配施不同氮量（ Ｎ０、 Ｎ１、 Ｎ２、 Ｎ３）， 等氮磷配施不同钾量 （ Ｋ０、 Ｋ１、 Ｋ２、 Ｋ３）， 等氮磷钾施镁与不施镁等处理的试验， 研究甘蓝高产与 Ｎ、 Ｋ、 Ｍｇ 等多种养分平衡的关系， 提出甘蓝种植的最适宜的施肥组合，为科学施肥提供依据。研究结果表明，每公顷施 Ｎ ４８０ｋｇ、 Ｋ２ Ｏ３６０ｋｇ处理最佳； 甘蓝内叶和干物质产量最高， Ｎ Ｏ３ 含量最低， 氨基酸、蛋白质含量较高；每公顷甘蓝吸收 Ｎ、 Ｐ、 Ｋ、 Ｍｇ 和 Ｓ分别为７０３２、８７２、７６６８、７８９ 和１５３７ｋｇ；其适宜的 Ｎ∶ Ｐ∶ Ｋ∶ Ｍｇ∶ Ｓ＝ ８１∶１０∶８８∶０９∶１８， 适宜的养分供应比为 Ｎ∶ Ｐ２ Ｏ５∶ Ｋ２ Ｏ＝ ３２∶１０∶２４。

In order to study the relationship between high yield and superior quality of cabbage and the balance application of various nutrients (N,K,Mg and others),recommend optimum fertilizer combination for cabbage cultivation and offer a scientific interpretation for it, field experiments were conducted on acid purple soil in eastern Sichuan, where different N rates(N 0,N 1,N 2 and N 3)were combined with single rated P and K,different K rates (K 0,K 1,K 2,and K 3) were combined with single rated N and P and single rated N,P,K, were combined with or without Mg. The experiment results showed that the fertilizer combination of N 480 kg+K 2O 360 kg per ha was the optimum,cabbage in this treatment gave the highest inner leaf yield and dry matter yield,contained very low NO 3,comparatively high amino acids and protein and took up N,P,K,Mg and S by 70 32,8 72,76 68,7 87 and 15 37 kg per ha,respectively. The optimum ratio of N∶P∶K∶Mg∶S turned out to be 8 1∶1 0∶8 8∶0 9∶1 8.The optimum ratio for nutrient supply was N∶P 2O 5∶K 2O=3 2∶1∶2 4.