发热的研究历程和进展

Progress Course in the study of fever

发热是宿主在神经系统和免疫系统协同作用下对前炎症介质损害的以调节性体温升高为特点的一种适应性反应。在过去的一百多年里,大鼠和小鼠取代了家兔成为研究发热的主要动物模型,并且一些新的种属特异的工具如重组抗体和其它蛋白以及基因修饰等方法也被用于研究发热。这篇综述总结了前人在发热研究方面所做的贡献,明确了内、外源性致热原在发热反应中的作用及其神经通路,并总结了发热机制的研究进展。

Fever is an adaptive host response,which is characterized by regulated elevation of body temperature,coordinated by the central nervous system（CNS）during systemic immune challenge.Over the past one hundred years,the rat and mouse have become the predominant animal models instead of the rabbits,and new species-specific tools（recombinant antibodies and other proteins）and genetic manipulations have been applied to study fever.The review summarizes that the pioneers have made predominant contribution on study fever,and shown that exogenous and endogenous pyrogens play a role in fever response and their nerve pathways.Research progress achieved on the mechanisms of fever is also revealed.