传染病专科医院职工乙型肝炎病毒感染与肝功状况调查

Survey on hepatitis B virus infection and condition of liver function of staff in infectious diseases hospital

目的了解高危人群传染病专科医院职工乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染与肝功能、血脂、脂肪肝发生状况。方法对参加体检的781名职工进行乙型肝炎五项标志物、肝功能、血脂、B超等检查;肝功能血脂生化指标采用全自动生化分析仪,乙型肝炎五项标志物采用ELISA方法。结果传染病医院职工乙型肝炎携带率1.66%,HBV感染率17.54%,HBsAb(+)保护率50.83%;退休、在职、新职工HBV感染率分别为29.48%、20.00%、5.32%,P<0.01,差异有统计学意义;职业分布中,医师、护士、医技、后勤、行政差异无统计学意义;HBsAb(+)在新职工、在职、退休职工分别为69.15%、48.68%、31.20%,后勤人员稍低38.64%,与其他职业差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);肝功能异常率14.85%,退休职工最高23.50%,后勤行政人员高于医护技术人员;血脂异常率15.62%,退休职工、在职、新职工分别为31.20%、17.74%、0.71%,护士最低10.50%;B超脂肪肝发生率22.41%,后勤行政分别为47.73%、51.22%,医师、护士、医技分别为17.96%、15.49%、24.62%。结论传染病医院的工作人员乙型肝炎病毒的感染率和携带率均低于一般人群,只要注重职业防护和培训、严格消毒隔离制度,新入院职工加强乙型肝炎疫苗的注射,就能有效预防和阻断高危人群的乙型肝炎病毒感染。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the hepatitis B virus（HBV） infection,liver function,lipid,fatty liver in the staff of infectious diseases hospital.METHODS A total of 781 employees were participated.liver function and lipid were examined by automatic biochemical analyzer HbsAg,HbsAb,HbeAg,HbeAb and HbcAb were examined by ELISA.B ultrasound was operated specialists by using B ultrasound machines.RESULTS The percentage of HBV carrier was 1.66%.The percentage of HBV infected persons was 17.54%.The percentage of HbsAb positive persons was 50.83%.There was a significant difference about the percentage of HBV infection,in retired（69.15%）,working（48.68%） and new admission（31.19%） persons（P〈0.01）.There was no significant difference about the percentage of HBV Infection in doctors,nurses,technicians,support and administrative staffs（P〉0.0.5）.The percentage of HbsAb positive new admission,working and retired persons were 69.15%,48.68% and 31.20%.The percentage of HbsAb positive administrative staffs was 38.64% lower than other vocation（P〈0.05）.The percentage of anomalous liver functional persons was 14.85%.The retired persons had the highest percentage,23.50%.The percentage of anomalous liver functional administrative staffs was higher than doctors,nurses and technicians.The percentage of anomalous lipid persons was 15.62%.The percentage of anomalous lipid retired,working and new admission persons were 31.20%,17.74% and 0.71% respectively.The nurses had the lowest percentage with 10.50%.The percentage of fatty liver persons was 22.41%.The percentage of fatty liver support,administrative staffs,doctors,nurses and technicians were 47.73%,51.22%,17.96%,15.49% and 24.62% respectively.CONCLUSION The percentage of HBV infected staffs and carriers in infectious diseases hospital are lower than that of general population.The HBV infection of high-risk groups can be prevented and blocked if the occupational protection and training are paid attention,and the disinfection and isolation system are executed strictly and new admission persons are injected hepatitis B vaccine.