呼吸内科痰培养病原菌分析及感染控制措施

Sputum culture pathogens in department of respiratory medicine and measures for infection control

目的了解呼吸内科痰培养病原菌的分布,探讨预防与控制感染发生的措施。方法采用回顾性调查方法,对2009年6月-2010年5月呼吸内科出院病历933份进行分析。结果 933例共检出病原菌74株,主要病原菌为铜绿假单胞菌(36.49%)、鲍氏不动杆菌(12.16%)和大肠埃希菌(8.11%);铜绿假单胞菌对12种常用抗菌药物均耐药,耐药率>50.00%的是米诺环素(66.67%)和左氧氟沙星(51.85%);9株鲍氏不动杆菌中4株只对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦敏感,其余11种抗菌药物均耐药。结论加强医院感染知识的学习与培训,提高控制感染意识,认真落实手卫生规范,严格执行操作规程,做好日常诊疗用物的消毒灭菌,保持空气及环境的清洁,正确处理医疗废物,确保抗菌药物的抗菌效果,对预防与控制医院感染的发生起着重要作用。

OBJECTIVE To understand the distribution of the sputum culture pathogens in department of respiratory medicine,and discuss the measures to prevent and control the occurrence of infection.METHODS A total of 933 cases of medical records from department of respiratory medicine during Jun 2009-May 2010 were retrospectively investigated.RESULTS Totally 74 strains were detected from 933 cases investigated,which were manly Pseudomonas aeruginosa（36.49%）,Acinetobacter baumannii（12.16%） and Escherichia coli（8.11%）;PAE was resistant to 12 kinds of commonly used antibiotics.The drug resistant rates to Minocycline（66.67%）and Levofloxacin（51.85%） were over 50.00%;4 strains out of 9 ABA were only sensitive to Cefoperazone/sulbactam,but were resistant to the rest of 11 kinds of antibiotics.CONCLUSION Strengthening the training and knowledge about nosocomail infection,improving the awareness of controlling infection,carefully implementing the hand hygiene criterion and operation procedures,disinfection and sterilization for daily used objects,and air properly dispose the medical waste and reasonable usage of antibiotics plays an important role in Preventing and controlling the occurrence of nosocomial infection.