田间旱育条件下不同化感潜力水稻的生理特性分析

Analysis of physiological properties of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars with different allelopathic potentials under dry field condition

以国际公认的化感水稻品种"PI312777"和非化感水稻品种"Lemont"为材料,研究了田间旱育条件下2种水稻的生长特性及其对水分和杂草胁迫的生理响应。结果表明,在水分和杂草双重胁迫下,田间水稻生长势表现为"PI312777"(旱地)>"Lemont"(湿地)≥"PI312777"(湿地)>"Lemont"(旱地)。进一步分析发现,在各处理小区,以适度干旱小区化感水稻"PI312777"叶片的叶绿素含量、保护酶活性、光合速率、水分利用效率最高,蒸腾速率最低;以适度干旱小区非化感水稻"Lemont"叶片的光合速率、保护酶活性、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和水分利用效率最低,MDA含量积累最高。与非化感水稻"Lemon"相比,化感水稻"PI312777"对水分的利用效率更高,有更强的适应水分缺乏的能力。

Allelopathic rice cultivar ＂PI312777＂ and non-allelopathic rice cultivar ＂Lemont＂ were used to explore physiological and biochemical response of rice cultivars with different allelopathic potentials to drought and weed stresses in paddy fields.The results indicated that under double stress（drought and weed）,the order of biomass was ＂PI312777＂ in dry field ＂Lemont＂ in wet field ≥ ＂PI312777＂ in wet field ＂Lemont＂ in dry field.Further analysis showed that under dry field condition,＂PI312777＂ rice exhibited the highest leaf chlorophyll content,protective enzymes activities,net photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency,but the lowest transpiration rate.Under dry conditions,＂Lemont＂ rice exhibited the lowest leaf net photosynthetic rate,protective enzymes activities,soluble sugar content,soluble protein content and water use efficiency,but the highest MDA content.These results suggested that allelopathic rice ＂PI312777＂ had better adaptability and endurance to water deficiency than non-allelopathic rice ＂Lemont＂.