β-内酰胺卡宾在有机合成中的应用

Applications of β-lactam carbenes in organic synthesis

β-内酰胺卡宾是一种活泼的有机中间体,具有亲电和亲核两性,在合成β-内酰胺衍生物和新型杂环化合物中发挥着重要的作用。简要介绍了β-内酰胺卡宾的产生,详细介绍了β-内酰胺卡宾的各种反应,包括与碳碳三键、碳碳双键和异腈的亲电加成;与异氰酸酯的亲核加成反应;以及与羟基的插入反应。并对它们的反应机理做了必要的说明。

β-Lactam carbene is an activity versatile syntheticintermediate with both electrophilictiy and nucleophilicity.It play an important role in synthesis of β-lactam derivatives and advanced heterocyclic compounds.The β-lanctam carbenes electrophilic additions with carbon-carbon triple bond,carbon-carbon couple bond,isonitriles,the nucleophilic additions with isocyanates,and the hydroxyl insertion reactions are introduced in this work.The mechanism of these reactions is also discussed.