棉铃虫和烟夜蛾在4个辣椒品种上的产卵与为害

Studies on the oviposition and damage of Helicoverpa armigera(Hübner) and Helicoverpa assulta(Guenée) on the four pepper varieties

采用田间笼罩试验,比较了4个辣味程度不同的辣椒品种上棉铃虫和烟夜蛾的落卵量和为害程度,并利用GC-MS对4个辣椒品种的辣味物质进行了分析.结果表明:(1)棉铃虫的平均百株落卵量在4个辣椒品种之间无显著差异,但其在豫甜椒12号上的平均单株累计落卵量却显著高于豫优鲜辣2号和豫艺绿冠;烟夜蛾在豫甜椒12号上的平均百株落卵量和平均单株累计落卵量均显著高于豫优鲜辣2号;烟夜蛾在4个辣椒品种上的平均百株落卵量和平均单株累计落卵量均多于棉铃虫.(2)豫甜椒12号的虫果率和其上的幼虫成活率最高,豫艺墨秀大椒、豫艺绿冠和豫优鲜辣2号则依次降低;取食豫艺墨秀大椒的幼虫化蛹率最高、羽化的成虫数量也最多,豫甜椒12号次之,其它2个品种相对较低.(3)辣椒碱是辣椒中辣味物质的主要成分,其在豫优鲜辣2号中的含量最高,豫艺绿冠和豫艺墨秀大椒次之,豫甜椒12号最低;随着4个辣椒品种中辣椒碱含量的增加,2种夜蛾在其上的落卵量和为害程度有降低的趋势.

At the field conditions,the oviposition and the damage of Helicoverpa armigera and Helicoverpa assulta on the four pepper varieties with different contents of pungent constituent were studied comparatively.Using GC-MS,the pungent constituents of the four pepper varieties were further analyzed.The results are as follows：（1） The number of mean eggs of Helicoverpa armigera among the four pepper varieties has no significant difference,but the total number of mean eggs per plant on No.12 Yutianjiao is obviously bigger than that on No.2 Yuyouxianla and Yuyilüguan.The number of mean eggs and the total number of mean eggs per plant of Helicoverpa assulta on No.12 Yutianjiao are significantly different from that on No.2 Yuyouxianla.The number of mean eggs and the total number of mean eggs per plant of Helicoverpa assulta deposited on the four pepper varieties were bigger compared with that of Helicoverpa armigera;（2） The rate of wormyfruit and the larval survival on No.12 Yutianjiao were highest,followed by Yuyimoxiudajiao,Yuyilüguan,and No.2 Yuyouxianla.Feeding with the fruit of Yuyimoxiudajiao,the pupation rate of larvae was highest and the number of adult emergence was also most,followed by No.12 Yutianjiao,while the other two varieties are relatively lower;（3） Capsaicine is the main pungent constituent in pepper,the content of which in No.2 Yuyouxianla is highest,followed by Yuyilüguan and Yuyimoxiudajiao,No.12 Yutianjiao being the lowest;With the increase of the content of capsaicine in the four pepper varieties,the number of eggs and the damage level of the two noctuidae insects are significantly reduced.