农村初中生疏离感及与自尊、主观幸福感关系

Characteristics of alienation and its relationships with self-esteem and subjective well-bing among rural middle school students

目的探讨农村初中生疏离感及与自尊、主观幸福感的关系,为青少年心理健康教育工作提供依据。方法采用随机整群抽样方法,运用青少年学生疏离感量表、自尊量表、单一项目主观幸福感量表对宁夏回族自治区2所农村初中的269名中学生进行问卷调查。结果农村初中生疏离感总均分为3.72分,环境疏离感均分最高,为3.99分,社会疏离感为3.84分,人际疏离感得分最低,为3.39分;女生的无意义感和社会孤立感得分均高于男生(P<0.05);初一学生孤独感得分明显低于初三学生(P<0.05);除生活环境疏离感外,农村初中生疏离感各维度与自尊、主观幸福感呈负相关(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论农村初中生疏离感状况相对良好,自尊与主观幸福感可以一定程度上预测其疏离感。

Objective To explore the status of alienation and the relationships between alienation,self-esteem,and subjective well-being among rural medical students and to provide a basis for education on adolescent mental health.Methods The Adolescent Alienation Scale,Self-Esteem Scale and Subjective Well-being Scale（a single item） were administered randomly to 269 students from two rural junior middle schools in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.Results The scores for the most of the students were below the average level.Sense of meaningless score and social isolation score of the girls were higher than those of the boys（P0.05）.Sense of loneliness score of the students in grade one was lower than that of the students in grade three（P0.05）.All dimensions of the alienation were negatively correlated with both the self-esteem and the subjective well-being significantly except the sense of environmental alienation（P0.05 or 0.01）.Conclusion Sense of alienation among rural junior middle school students is relatively good.The self-esteem and subjective well-being can predict alienation.