黄土高原沟壑区土地利用变化分析——以陕西省洛川县为例

Land-use Change in Gully Region of Loess Plateau——A Case Study of Luochuan County,Shaanxi Province

黄土高原沟壑区近年来在果业强区和改善生态环境等思想指导下,社会经济全面发展、人口不断增长,土地利用结构发生了剧烈而深刻地变化。根据2000年和2006年两期TM遥感影像和其它辅助资料,采用人工监督分类法,在ENVI 4.7和ArcGIS 9.1软件支持下,对典型县洛川县土地利用数量变化、土地利用区域差异以及概率转移矩阵进行了计算和分析。结果表明,6a来洛川县土地利用结构发生了很大变化,园地和建设用地的土地利用动态变化度和新开发速度较大,草地的面积大幅减少,园地的面积增大了近1倍,建设用地侵占耕地的情况比较严重,林地的面积也在逐步增加,土地利用的区域差异和各种土地利用类型转移的程度和规模差异较大。园地的大幅增加主要来源于草地和耕地,而草地则主要转化为林地,园地和耕地相互转化比较明显。

In recent years,the society and economy had been developed substantially along with exploding population.Under the policies of restoring ecological environment and improving fruit industry,land-use structure underwent drastic and profound changes.Supported by the software of ENVI 4.7 and ArcGIS 9.2,land-use changes in terms of changed areas,land-use regional variations and the matrix of transferring probability were calculated and analyzed using artificial supervised classification based on 2000 and 2006 TM remote sensing images and other data.The results show that land use structure of Luochuan County had changed greatly during the six-year time span.The orchard and construction land changed substantially and the newly developed area increased rapidly,with a recent depletion of grassland.The area of orchard nearly doubled and a considerable amount of cultivated land was transferred to construction land.The area of forest increased gradually.Regional land use variations and land-use transferring differed in the extent and scale.The increase of orchard come mainly from grassland and forest land,while woodland was mainly converted from grassland.A noteworthy amount of orchard and farmland was converted to each other.