水下爆炸能量耗散特性分析研究

A Research on the Energy Dissipation of Underwater Explosion

基于特征线理论得到了水中冲击波的近似传播规律,提出了炸药水下爆炸冲击波传播过程中的熵变及能量耗散特性的近似评估方法.使用该评估方法,对TNT和RS211两种炸药水下爆炸近场冲击波传播过程中的能量耗散进行了计算.研究表明,水下爆炸近场的冲击波超压峰值迅速衰减,熵增与能量损失主要发生在水下爆炸近场的10倍装药半径范围内.对于TNT和RS211两种炸药,20倍装药半径处水中冲击波的能量耗散分别约为水下爆炸总能量的34%和32%,与水下爆炸试验结果基本一致.

The energy dissipation and entropy at the shock wave front of underwater explosion are theoretically analyzed.First,the propagation of underwater shock wave in space is obtained by using the characteristics of shock wave velocity trajectory.Then the theoretical model of the entropy and energy dissipation during the propagation of underwater shock wave is established. For the explosives of TNT and RS211,the analysis of the entropy and energy dissipation in the near field of underwater explosion was carried out with presented theoretical model.The research results predict in theory that the entropy and energy dissipation occurs mainly in near field of the interface of water and explosive charge about 10 times of explosive charge radius.For the explosives of TNT and RS211,the value of total energy dissipation is about 34%and 32%of the total energy released from the explosives at the 20 times of explosive charge radii,respectively. Above conclusion is basically corresponding with the underwater explosion experimental results.