基于电感变化的永磁同步电机新型启动方法

Novel Star-up Method of PMSM Motors Utilising Inductance Variation

通过分析内埋式永磁同步电机(IPMSM)磁饱和特性,建立永磁同步电机数学模型。根据在施加不通电压矢量时电流瞬间特行不同,采用无位置传感技术,提出了一种检测永磁同步电机在停止状态时转子位置的方法。在此基础上,通过设定直轴电流值为零、交轴电流为常数,设计了一种控制定子交直轴电流的新型永磁同步电机变频启动方法。最后,在以STM32F103B为核心的实验平台上,通过对一台IPMSM的转子初始位置检测及启动实验,验证了该方法的有效性。该方法可以提高启动成功率,有效的防止了电机启动反转,降低启动电流,增大启动转矩。对于电机参数的变化也具有很好的鲁棒性。

The mathematic model of the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor（IPMSM） though analyzing magnetic saturation of it is constructed. When the current flows along the magnetic axis, there is variation of the current response caused by the magnetic saturation of the stator core of the IPMSM. Based on that variation, the method of inspecting the IPMSM rotor position at the standstill without position sensors is proposed. After getting the exact position of rotor, we design a novel start-up method which laid foundation for controlling d-q axis current and frequency is designed. At last, our experimental results in the experiment plaiform of STM32F103B suggested that this method is feasible and can be applied effectively. The method ensures the success rate of start-up, prevents the motor reverse and the starting fault by reducing the start-up current and increasing the starting torque. Moreover, it is independent of the model of the motor and it is robust to motor parameter variations.