不同腐熟稻草基质的理化性质及淋溶液养分变化研究

Study on Physical and Chemical Properties of Different Decomposed Rice Straw Media and Dynamics of Nutrients in Leaching Solution

为研究稻草秸秆资源化利用方法,提高稻草作草坪基质的价值,通过向秸秆中添加不同比例的动物粪便、尿素和秸秆腐熟剂,测定不同腐熟处理基质的理化性质及养分淋溶情况。结果表明:尿素腐熟稻草基质的运输成本最低,动物粪便腐熟基质的保水能力较强。各资源化处理稻草基质的pH值差异不显著,有机质含量为1.7～1.9 g/kg,均高于对照。动物粪便腐熟稻草基质的各种养分含量均高于对照,尿素腐熟稻草基质的碱解氮、速效钾和全钾含量高于对照,添加秸秆腐熟剂的尿素腐熟稻草基质的全氮含量降低。资源化处理稻草基质淋溶液的pH值随草坪草生育期的推进逐渐下降,后期下降缓慢且高于对照。动物粪便腐熟的稻草基质比尿素腐熟的稻草基质抗淋溶,秸秆腐熟剂可提高猪粪腐熟的稻草基质的抗淋溶作用,但抑制尿素腐熟的稻草基质抗淋溶作用。

Different ratio of animal manures,urea,and straw decomposition additives were added to the straw,physical and chemical properties of straw media in different decomposed treatment and nutrients in leaching solutions were measured to study the technologies for resourceful utilization of rice straw,and enhance the value of rice straw used as lawns.The results indicated that the cost of transportation for rice straw media decomposed by urea was the lowest,while the media decomposed by animal manures had the highest water holding capacity.There was no significant difference in pH value among the resourceful treatments of decomposed rice straw media,and all organic matters（OM） content were about 1.7-1.9 g/kg,which were higher than that of control.All nutrient content in treatment of animal manure additive were higher than that of control.Alkaline hydrolytic N,available K,and total K in media decomposed by urea were higher than that of control,while total N in media decomposed by urea added with straw decomposition additives was decreased.The pH value of leaching solution from resourceful treatment of rice straw media was decreased along with the growing of turf-grass,finally it was slowly decreased,but was higher than that of control.The rice straw media decomposed by animal manures had higher leaching resistance compare with that decomposed by urea,straw decomposition additives could improve the leaching resistance of rice straw media decomposed by animal manures,but it inhibited the media decomposed by urea.