帝掬昆仑雪,置于扶桑东——日本历代汉诗概览(1)

Survey of Han poems in Japan(1)

日本汉诗是中国古诗流播海外衍生出来的一大支脉。日本汉诗诞生于天智天皇时代,其后一千多年的日本汉诗史被分为王朝、五山及战国、江户、明治后四个时期。天智天皇时代起,及整个奈良时代、平安时代,这五百余年被称为日本汉诗的王朝时期。《怀风藻》是日本现存最早的一部汉诗总集,多临摹之作。平安之初,相继出现了三部汉诗总集,即《凌云集》、《文华秀丽集》和《经国集》。

Han poems in Japan are one of the major branches descended from the overseas ancient Chinese poetry.Originally born in the period of Tianzhi Emperor,Han poems in Japan of the later 1000-odd years were divided into four stages of the Dynasty,Five Mountains,the Warring States,and Jianghu.The remaining 500-odd years from Tianzhi Emperor to the entire times of Nailiang and Ping＇an were called the Dynasty Period of Han poems in Japan.Huaifengzao is the earliest existent collection of Han poems in Japan,most of which were copied.In the early period of Ping＇an,three collections of Han poems consecutively appeared,namely Above-clouds Collection,Splendid Collection,Country-Running Collection.