摘要
目的掌握北京市房山区儿童水痘自然免疫现状,为今后有效开展水痘预防与控制提供流行病学依据。方法采用横断面调查的方法,选取有代表性的1~14岁健康儿童作为研究对象,进行问卷调查和血样采集,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清水痘IgG抗体。结果 648名儿童水痘抗体阳性率为44.1%;抗体阳性率在不同性别、户籍间差别无统计学意义(P>0.05),在不同年龄和地区间儿童水痘抗体阳性率差别有统计学意义(P<0.01),3~5岁年龄组、山区儿童水痘抗体阳性率最低,分别为30.6%和34.4%。结论该地区儿童水痘抗体阳性率偏低,尚不能形成有效的免疫屏障,山区和3~5岁儿童是重点保护地区和人群,需采取有效措施加强这一薄弱环节的水痘预防管理与控制工作。
Objective To know natural immune status of varicella among children in Fangshan,Beijing to provide epidemiological evidence for its effective prevention and control. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out with a representative sample comprised of healthy children aged 1 ~ 14 years,with standardized structured questionnaire. Blood specimen were collected and serum varicella IgG antibody was detected with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA). Results Positive rate of varicella IgG antibody was 44. 1 percent among 648 healthy children,with no significant difference either between boys and girls,or between children in varied household registers ( P 0. 05),while with significant difference between varied age groups and living areas (P 0. 05),lowest in children aged 3 ~ 5 years (30. 6% ) and living in mountainous areas (34. 4% ). Conclusion Positive rate of varicella IgG antibody is low in children living in mountainous areas,where no effective immune barrier for varicella is formed,especially in children aged 3 ~ 5 years. It is necessary to implement effective measures for varicella prevention and control to protect these children.
出处
《首都公共卫生》
2011年第2期60-63,共4页
Capital Journal of Public Health
关键词
水痘
抗体
阳性率
酶联免疫吸附法
儿童
Varicella
Antibody
Positive rate
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Children