见素抱朴重归真——评赫索格的精神生态状况

Returning to Nature and Innocence——On the Spiritual Ecology of Herzog

深层生态学认为,现代生态危机的根源实际上是人类的精神危机和文化危机。因此,生态文学批评不仅要关注遭到破坏的外在的自然生态,更要关注人类失衡的内在的精神生态。索尔.贝娄在《赫索格》中探索了在道德日益没落的美国现代社会中知识分子的精神困境。文章将从尼采所认为的精神的三种变形:骆驼、狮子和孩童来分析这部小说同名主人公的精神生态境况。

According to the theory of deep ecology,the origin of the modern ecological crisis is actually the spiritual and cultural crisis of human beings.Accordingly,the eco-criticism should focus on,not only the outside ecological environment of nature,but also the inside ecological disturbance of human beings.Herzog Saul Bellow explored the spiritual dilemma of the intellectuals in modern American society with declining morality.The spiritual ecology is analyzed with Nietzsche＇s philosophy of the three forms of spirit：camel,lion,and child.