注射用丹参联合空气波压力治疗仪预防老年消化道肿瘤术后下肢深静脉血栓形成的护理研究

Nursing research for combined application of salvia miltiorrhiza and intermittent pneumatic compression to prevent deep venous thrombosis after elder gastrointestinal carcinomas patients

目的观察注射用丹参联合空气波压力治疗仪预防老年消化道肿瘤术后下肢深静脉血栓形成(deep venous thrombosis,DVT)的疗效。方法 56例接受手术的老年消化道肿瘤患者(≥60岁)随机分为2组,护理组28例应用注射用丹参联合空气波压力治疗仪,对照组28例予常规护理指导,比较2组DVT发生率、血流动力学相关指标及凝血相关指标方面的差异。结果护理组DVT发生率为3.57%,对照组DVT发生率为28.57%,护理组DVT发生率低于对照组(P<0.05);2组手术后血流降速度(Vp)、血流平均速度(Va)和血流量(BF)均高于术前(P<0.05);术后护理组Vp、Va和BF均高于对照组(P<0.05);手术后2组D-二聚体(D-D)水平高于术前(P<0.05),血浆凝血酶原时间(PT)较术前缩短(P<0.05);术后护理组D-D、PT、部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)水平均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论术后联合使用注射用丹参和空气波压力治疗仪对预防老年消化道肿瘤DVT形成有明确疗效。

Objective To observe the nursing effect for combined application of salvia and intermittent pneumatic compression to prevent deep venous thrombosis postoperatively in elderly with gastrointestinal carcinomas.Methods 56 postoperatively elder gastrointestinal carcinomas patients were randomly divided into two groups.Patients in treatment group were given combined application of salvia and intermittent pneumatic compression.The other 28 cases in control group were given routine nurse.The incidence of deep venous thrombosis,indexes of hemodynamics and coagulation-related indicators were measured and compared.Results The incidence of deep venous thrombosis was lower in the treatment group（3.57%） than the control group（28.57%,P0.05）.The peak velocity,average velocity and blood flow volume in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group post-operation（all P0.05）.The levels of D-dimer after the operation were higher than those before operation in two groups（P0.05）.PT was shorter than the preoperative（P0.05）.The levels of D-dimer,prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group 5th day post-operation（P0.05）.Conclusion Combined application of salvia and intermittent pneumatic compression and normative nursing measures were effective in the prevention to deep venous thrombosis postoperatively in the elderly with gastrointestinal carcinomas.