安徽省血吸虫病流行状况的空间分析

Spatial analysis of distribution of schistosomiasis in Anhui Province

目的应用地理信息系统(GIS)分析安徽省血吸虫病疫情的空间分布特征。方法收集安徽省2006年血吸虫病疫情调查数据,建立GIS数据库,应用ArcGIS 9.3中的反距离加权插值法(IDW),对人群血吸虫病的空间分布进行分析。结果应用IDW模拟出安徽省人群血检阳性率与感染率的分布图,显示全省人群感染较重的地区主要分布在长江流域,长江上中游段疫区相连成片,下游段疫区呈块状分布。对比模拟疫区与感染性钉螺分布及实际疫情分布,人群血检阳性率IDW图要优于人群感染率IDW图。结论应用IDW制作的插值空间分布图能直观地显示全省血吸虫病疫情分布情况;以人群血检阳性率作为疫情指标进行空间分析,可以更敏感地反映目前安徽省血吸虫病的流行状况。

Objective To study the distribution of schistosomiasis in Anhui Province based on geographic information system（GIS）.Methods The survey data of disease and Oncomelania snails in Anhui Province in 2006 were collected,GIS databases were set up,and the inverse distance weighted interpolation method（IDW） based on ArcGIS 9.3 was used to analyze the spatial distribution of schistosomiasis across the province.Results The simulated maps of distribution of human prevalence and positive rate of serological tests were imitated by using IDW.The region with heavier infection rates of schistosomiasis was distributed over the region of the Yangtze River in Anhui Province,and the endemic areas were joined into a patch in the upper and middle reaches and distributed in pieces in the lower reaches.While the endemic areas were compared with the distribution of infected snails,the IDW map of positive rate of serological tests was more exactly than that of the human prevalence.Conclusions The IDW method is helpful to show the distribution of schistosomiasis.The positive rate of serological tests is more sensitive to reflect the current endemic situation of schistosomiasis in Anhui Province.