试论《孟连宣抚司法规》赋予拾得者权利的合理性——傣族习惯法研究之一

Reasonableness of Rules of Providing Rights for the Picker in Laws of Menglian Dai Nationality District before 1921——Case Study of Dai Nationality Customary Law

《孟连宣抚司法规》规定了拾得者一定的义务,同时也规定了拾得者的报酬请求权,还规定了一定条件下可以取得遗失物所有权的权利。这些规定与《民法通则》及《物权法》的规定很不相同。《孟连宣抚司法规》的规定更为合理,既符合伦理学原理,也符合经济学原理;同时,从司法实践的效果来看,赋予拾得者这些权利也更加合理。

The Laws of Menglian Dai Nationality district before 1921 provides certain obligations for the lost property picker,but also provides the reward request right for him;and in some condition,the person who picks up the lost property has the rights to own it.These rules are different from the rules in the General Principles of the Civil Law and the Property Law,which denied the rights of the lost property picker.In comparison,the Laws of Menglian Dai Nationality District are more reasonable.The laws of Menglian Dai Nationality District conform to the statistical law of relative quantity of ethical behavior types and economic principles,meanwhile,from practical effects,it is better to provide these rights for the picker.In fact,The General Principles of the Civil Law is not reasonable.In judicial practice,the lost-and-found object is not dealt strictly according to legal regulation.