油酸异丁酯的合成及其对生物柴油降凝效果研究

Synthesis and effect of oleic acid isobutyl ester on cold flow properties for biodiesel

油酸与异丁醇在离子液体催化剂的作用下发生酯化反应制备油酸异丁酯。研究了催化剂用量、醇酸配比、反应时间、反应温度等对酯化反应转化率的影响,并通过测定凝固点、冷滤点、粘度来考察脂肪酸异丁酯对生物柴油的降凝效果。结果表明,当催化剂用量为2%,醇酸体积比2∶1(摩尔比6.8∶1),反应温度100℃,反应时间3 h,转化率达到95.6%。降凝实验结果表明,把一定量的脂肪酸异丁酯添加到生物柴油中可有效地降低生物柴油的凝固点、冷滤点,改善其低温流动性能。

Oleic acid isobutyl ester was prepared by the esterification of oleic acid with isobutyl alcohol in the presence of ionic liquids catalysts.The effect of preparation conditions including catalyst amount,ratio of ethanol to acid,reaction time and temperature on the yield of oleic acid isobutyl ester and the effect of oleic acid isobutyl ester on reducing pour point of biodiesel were researched.The results showed that the catalyst amount was 2%,volume ratio of isobutyl alcohol to oleic acid was 2 ∶1（molar ratio was 6.8 ∶1）,reaction temperature was 100 ℃,reaction time was 3 h,the yield of oleic isobutyl ester was up to 95.6%.Experimental results showed that oleic acid isobutyl ester could improve the low temperature fluidity of biodiesel by reducing its solidification point and cold filter plugging point.