洞庭湖区不同退田还湖模式下湿地植被恢复特征的比较

Comparation between the characteristic of wetland vegetations under different restoration modes after returning farmland to lake in the Lake Dongting area

以2006年野外调查资料为依据,对洞庭湖区3种"双退"恢复模式(自然恢复、种植荻和种植杨树)下的植被特征进行了比较分析.结果表明,自然恢复模式下的物种数最为丰富,达79种,而种植荻模式下的物种数最为稀少,仅36种;自然恢复模式下湿生植物种类最为丰富,占物种总数的81.0%,而种植杨树和荻模式下所占比例分别为78.7%和69.4%;群落类型以自然恢复模式下最为丰富,达11种,其中水生植物群落类型3种,而种植杨树和荻模式下的群落种类分别为8种和1种;各群落间生产力水平差异显著,以种植杨树模式下群落生产力最高,而多样性水平以种植荻模式下最低.结果表明,从植被特征角度来看,自然恢复模式为3种"双退"模式中的最优恢复模式.

The characteristics of wetland vegetations in three different restoration modes of ＂returning farmland to lake＂（natural restoration,reed plantation and poplar plantation） were studied based on the field investigation of 2006 in the Lake Dongting area.The results showed that the highest and lowest species richness was found in the modes of natural restoration and reed plantation,respectively.Moreover,the highest richness of wetland plants was also found in the mode of natural restoration,which took 81.0% of the total number of species,while in the other two restoration modes,the ratios of wetland plants were 78.7%（poplar plantation） and 69.4%（reed plantation）,respectively.11 community types were found in the mode of natural restoration,including 3 communities of aquatic plants,while there were 8 and 1 community types in the modes of poplar plantation and reed plantation,respectively;the productivity changed significantly among different plant community types and the highest productivity was found in the mode of poplar plantation,while the lowest biodiversity was found in the mode of reed plantation.Based on the above results,we concluded that natural restoration was the best modes among the three different restoration modes for the restoration of the Lake Dongting area.