中国姜花属十九个分类群的细胞学研究

Cytological studies on the 19 taxa of Hedychium in China

采用压片法对中国姜花属十八个分类群进行了体细胞染色体计数,对白姜花减数分裂终变期I的染色体数目和形态进行了观察。结果显示:包括白姜花在内的十九个分类群中有六个二倍体,一个三倍体,十二个四倍体,其中十二个分类群的体染色体数目为首次报道,显示中国姜花属植物具有较高比例的多倍体类型;姜花属的染色体基数为n=17,染色体组可能是多倍体起源的。

The somatic chromosome numbers of 18 taxa in Hedychium and the numbers and morphology of diakinesis I of H.coronarium were observed by crash method.The results show that：among the 19 taxa studied,there are six diploid（2n=2x=34）,one triploid（2n=3x=51）,and twelve tetraploid（2n=4x=68）,thus indicating the high percentage of polyploidy of Hedychium in China.The chromosome numbers of twelve taxa were reported for the first time;the genome number of Hedychium is 17 and it is probably of polyploidy origin.